Introduction
Olympic Weightlifting is really a sport in which athletes compete to the total weight of two lifts: the snatch as well as the clean & jerk. The training methods utilized in Weightlifting may also be used by Strength & Conditioning coaches as a way of strength training for a number of other sports. One of the primary reasons behind exploiting various strength training modalities such is good for power development. There are numerous variations on the theme of power training. Some of these training modalities include plyometrics (Wilson, Elliot & Wood 1990), assisted and resisted training (Faccioni 1993a; 1993b) and speed and acceleration drills (Cinkovich 1992). A favorite method accustomed to increase athletic power is Olympic Weightlifting (ie power cleans, push presses, snatches, jump jerks and their variations) conducted in the training (Garhammer, 1993). It’s traditionally been seen as an productive way of manufacturing general explosive ability (Takano 1992; Stone 1993; Garhammer & Gregor 1992). However, there are more important considerations which need to be addressed when implementing Olympic lifting exercises into the Strength & Conditioning program of the athlete, a few of these include movement competency, training age, sport and coaching time with athlete. The purpose of this post by Elite Performance Institute (EPI) is to supply a biomechanical and physiological discussion as to why weightlifting work outs are useful to improve athletic performance and exactly how they should be performed in the training program. For additional information, please visit www.epicertification.com
Power Defined
Power has been understood to be the best combination of speed and strength to produce movement (Chu 1996). Particularly, power represents the ability of the athlete to produce high levels of sort out a given distance. The harder power a sports athlete possesses the larger the degree of work performed (Wilson 1992). Power is really a combination of strength and speed:
POWER = FORCE (strength) X VELOCITY (speed to move)
There are numerous physiological and neural adaptations which comprise the strength component (Moritani 1992). Physiological adaptations to strength incorporate a boost in muscle tissue through hypertrophy, ligament density and bone integrity (Tesch 1992a). Neural adaptations (Schmidtbleicher 1992) which can be produced are: (1) increased recruitment of motor units; (2) increased firing rate of motor neurones; (3) synchronised firing of motor neurones; (4) increase in intra-muscular coordination; and (5) increase in inter-muscular coordination.
Speed to move consists of many different interrelated factors (Ackland & Bloomfield 1995). These are; (1) muscle fibre type; (2) skill; (3) muscle insertion points; (4) lever length; (5) muscular posture; and (6) elastic energy technique series elastic component.
Olympic Weightling exercises facilitate growth and development of the middle (Strength-Speed and Speed-Strength) of the force-velocity (FV) curve (see above). The FV curve acts a map to Strength & Conditioning Courses Ireland based on the kind of strength developed from each exercise, session or phase of training in the program. Therefore, the Strength & Conditioning coach can effectively plan what type of power they wish to develop and which training modality (powerlifting, Olympic liftining, plyometrics, etc) is most beneficial utilised to elicit these adaptations.
Conclusion
Concern still exists as to the ef?cacy of including Olympic weightlifting exercises in the strength training programs of athletes in sports other than weightlifting. These concerns generally belong to 3 broad categories: 1) Perceived time required to study the movements as a result of complexity of the lifts. 2) Deficiencies in comprehension of the possible bene?ts which can be based on performing Olympic lifting exercises correctly. 3) Concern on the prospect of injury due to practicing these weightlifting movements.
It can be evident there are a plethora of biomechanical advantages of practicing these lifts with limited disadvantages. The biggest risk has been of the perceived danger of practicing these lifts. On the basis of evidence presented by Brian Hammill of the British Weightlifting Association (BWLA), it may be stated with con?dence that this risk of harm is really as low or below most sports so long as there exists quali?ed supervision provided by certi?ed Strength and Conditioning coach who have been trained in coaching the weightlifting movements.
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